[2] The shock measured 5.6 on the Richter magnitude scale and was one of Australia's most serious natural disasters, killing 13 people and injuring more than 160. The Newcastle Earthquake Database is a valuable resource which records the events, the response, and the city's renewal following the 1989 earthquake. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Considering the intensity, damage was small. Stories. Additionally, seismic data recorded throughout the Australian National Seismograph Network, together with data from temporary seismometer deployments, provides important information on how the strength of ground shaking decays with increasing distance away from an earthquake. Quake memories: city remembers fateful day. But the loss of 12 lives on the day, and a hospital patient whose death the next day was later acknowledged as quake-related, was by no means the worst. Not only were classrooms empty at holiday time - Tighes Hill technical college and five inner city schools alone suffered $30 million worth of damage - but most businesses in town were on skeleton staff during the Christmas to New Year break. Little damage due to the remoteness of the area. It killed 13 people, injured more than 160 and damaged 50,000 buildings, making it one of Australia's worst natural disasters. It was also fortunate that, being a few days after Christmas, many heavily damaged education facilities were unoccupied at the time of the earthquake. Some scientists suggest the earthquake may have actually been a rock-burst, induced by deep mining and not a natural quake at all. Before the quake, Meckering had 51 dwellings, 12 businesses and 15 public buildings. Of these, 2800 records are available as electronic full-text records, digitised images, and sound and video files. Did you know? In Australia the third earthquake occurred near Newcastle in 1994, not quite 5 years after the destructive Newcastle earthquake, a moderate magnitude ML 5.6 (Mw 5.3) earthquake which caused more . The NSHA defines the level of earthquake ground shaking across Australia that has a likelihood of being exceeded in a given time period. Following the death of a woman in Broadmeadow from earthquake-related shock, the final death toll was raised to 13.[2]. Theearthquake's epicentre was approximately 15 kilometres from Newcastle's central business district. ABC Newcastle. The NSHA18 is freely accessible and available to download. It caused three serious injuries and damaged 3000 buildings, cracking walls, smashing windows and collapsing chimneys, mostly in the southern suburbs. It caused an estimated $4 billion worth of damage to 35,000 homes, 147 schools and 3000 buildings. Three people were killed and 13 others were injured at the, Many people were injured and some damage occurred in, One person was killed, 52 others were injured and nearly 500 buildings, bridges, and piers were damaged on, Aftershock of the 8.3 event on October 4. Only 16 houses and three businesses survived. "Phillip was an experienced rigger who was in the wrong place at the wrong time and was crushed under a wall. Additional damage was caused in Obi Island and 19 people were injured. "I think that approach worked and that was Julie's insight to implement that, so it was good.". Total damage $2.5million. Three people were killed, 100 were injured and 62 villages were damaged or destroyed in the Firuzabad-, Two people died when a stone wall collapsed in, Five houses were destroyed and between 30-60 percent others were damaged in. Your digital subscription includes access to content from all our websites in your region. Suddenly, as if out of nowhere, an otherwise sleepy post-Christmas city and its suburban surrounds were thrown into chaos as buildings began to shake and roll - and break - as a massive burst of energy rippled out from the quake's centre, which sat along a fault line about 11.5 kilometres underground near Boolaroo. AEST = Australian Eastern Standard Time which is 10 hours ahead of GMT (Greenwich Mean Time), abc.net.au/news/newcastle-earthquake-stories-retold-by-everyday-people/11816282, Get breaking news alerts directly to your phone with our app, Help keep family & friends informed by sharing this article, Businesses to be forced to pay superannuation on payday, fetching more in retirement income for workers, 'The timing is right': Outgoing Qantas boss says airline is 'strong' as it appoints first female CEO, Recreational vaping to be banned, all e-cigarettes to be strictly controlled, This man advises his clients that elections, rates and mortgages are invalid, Metal shredder caused gas explosion that injured six, Victorian authorities say, Treasurer refuses to confirm reported JobSeeker lift for people over 55, but says targeted support in the budget, 'I totally object': Ukraine war supporters' presence at Sydney concert condemned, Doja Cat, Margot Robbie and Nicole Kidman attend Met Gala for fashion's biggest night, Perfect storm brewing for housing market and it could make buying your own home a pipedream, 25th anniversary of the 1989 Newcastle Earthquake, Newcastle earthquake survivors reflect 25 years on, 'Until we meet in heaven': Maryborough community comes to grips with triple fatality as loved ones remembered, Clare desperately wanted to stop drinking but she couldn't make it stick. Slight damage occurred in the epicentral area due to landslides triggered by the quake. Considerable damage to many buildings. It did, however, crack all the walls of Meeberrie homestead, a heritage-listed station north of Mullewag; it also burst the rainwater tanks and ruptured the ground, creating huge cracks. Felt across North-eastern Victoria, 5.0 aftershock two days later. Property damage was severe and widespread; although the worst damage was sustained by communities in the western and northern San Fernando Valley, other areas of Los Angeles county were affected, as were parts of Ventura, Orange, and San Bernardino counties. The Insurance Council of Australia estimated the 1989 damage at $862 million, with the 2011 estimated normalised cost of $3240 million. Around 6 o 'clock the flames became more forceful and at 8 o 'clock they made their way into north beach which spread to the . Felt throughout North East Victoria and Southern New South Wales, but not in Melbourne. In the end, it took years for the visual impacts of the quake to disappear, but for those who lived through it, the memories are never too far from the surface. Then her family intervened, Baby with bowel obstruction died after hospital's failures, coroner finds, Selling the furniture and couch surfing: Families forced to make 'impossible' decisions amid fears inflation crisis hitting kids, 'You could tell where the Russians had been': These Australians returned to Ukraine to help the country rebuild, NT chief minister apologises to outgoing police commissioner over retirement settlement comments, Sex offender Francis Wark fails to get his conviction quashed for killing 17yo Hayley Dodd in 1999. "The interesting thing about the project coming back five years later for the next anniversary is re-seeing those stories, re-seeing the emotions re-meeting everyone from that time," Mr Kellett said. Three people were injured and 43 houses were damaged in, Some buildings suffered structural damage in, One person was injured and several buildings were damaged in. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), https://www.history.com/topics/natural-disasters-and-environment/1994-northridge-earthquake. Australias fifth-largest quake caused little damage when it shook Meeberrie, a region that then had few residents. The George and Carrington stayed up for nine days until the first Saturday in January, with the wrecking ball proceeding despite a late-night court injunction and a sizeable contingent of onlookers and protesters. Heavy furniture overturned. These videos are NBN TV Australia footage from the Newcastle Earthquake aftermath, hosted on the Newcastle Museum YouTube channel. "[6], Despite records of previous earthquakes in the area, even the most recent construction codes in Newcastle at the time of the earthquake (issued in 1979) required neither the adoption of earthquake-resistant design nor the strengthening of old buildings, although they did encourage owners to provide more than the minimum strength. The 1989 Newcastle earthquake was an intraplate earthquake that occurred in Newcastle, New South Wales on Thursday 28 December. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. A "ShakeMap" showing the estimated shaking intensity (in "ShakeMap" was calculated using software developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. . And for a fair while after December 28, 1989, that was pretty much the truth. "Quakeshake: A Child's Experience of the Newcastle Earthquake" by Dave O'Brien, "Disasters in Australia and New Zealand" by Scott McKinnon and Margaret Cook -, Newcastle Museum also has a permanent exhibition, The earthquake occurs in the Season 2, Episode 6 finale of the Australian and British TV series , This page was last edited on 17 April 2023, at 22:28. "The photo that I'm holding in the exhibition is a photograph of the old Junction Motor Inn," Mr Douglass said. Understanding the extent of an earthquake rupture gives us information on possible damage this deformation could pose to buildings and buried infrastructure (i.e. Roads, railway lines, pipes and powerlines were damaged in an area of about 1994-08-06 11:03:51 UTC at 11:03 August 06, 1994 UTC Location: Epicenter at -32.956, 151.228 18.2 km from Cessnock (11.2 miles) Near S.E. All Rights Reserved. The extent of the property damage in an area so well-prepared for earthquakes was staggering. The epicentre was in the remote Wonnangatta Valley, along the Wonnangatta Fault; it was mostly felt widely in Eastern Victoria and South Eastern, Damage was minor, cracked walls observed in, Two buildings and 3 other structures damaged, damage caused to natural gas pipeline. Simon Joice said at first he thought the earthquake was a gas explosion. [2] The shock measured 5.6 on the Richter magnitude scale and was one of Australia's most serious natural disasters, killing 13 people and injuring more than 160. In Perth buildings swayed and tremors were felt up to 700km from the epicentre. At 10.27am on Thursday, 28 December 1989, Newcastle was devastated by an ML 5.6 (Richter magnitude) earthquake. [7], Songs about the Newcastle earthquake include. Members of the public can submit a report if they have felt an earthquake via earthquakes.ga.gov.au. The earthquake caused 13 fatalities; 160 people were injured. It lasted for 48 seconds it resulted in the city going up in flames. Tremors warped the natural gas pipeline and opened a 35km-long fault scarp, with a step of 2m. The earthquake struck in the middle of an interview by a local television station NBN with a union representative. This is the first of a series of earthquakes affecting the area over the next several days. Click on I Felt This Earthquake and fill out a short questionnaire. In December 1989, the NSW harbour city of Newcastle was struck by a magnitude 5.6 earthquake. "And seeing how it's aged and seeing how it still stayed relevant to telling those stories; hopefully it continues to have relevance for another 10, 15 or so years.". Geoscience Australia operates and maintains the Australian National Seismograph Network to provide the emergency management sector and the public with rapid notification of Australian earthquakes of magnitude 3.5 or greater, through the National Earthquake Alert Centre (NEAC). Nevertheless, tens of thousands of buildings were damaged, with many red-tagged as unsafe to enter and many more restricted to limited entry (yellow-tagged). Significant damage to the township of Warooka. Accordingly, a number of legislative changes were made in the aftermath of the Northridge earthquake. The third major earthquake to occur in the state in 23 years (after the 1971 San Fernando Valley and 1989 San Francisco-Oakland earthquakes), the Northridge earthquake was the state's most destructive one since the San Francisco earthquake of . The Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience acknowledges the Traditional Owners of Country throughout Australia and recognises their continuing connection to land, waters and culture. 25 buildings in Cadoux were damaged. On 28 December 1989 at 10:27am, an earthquake measuring 5.6 on the Richter scale hit Newcastle. Most of those awnings had been originally supported by posts, removed in the 1920s as transport moved from horses to cars. This one is even more astonishing, I think, than the others.". Depth only 3.2km. We pay our respects to elders past, present and emerging. Total damage $36million. Damage totaling $90million. Three quakes of greater than magnitude 6 rattled Tennant Creek in one day, each about half an hour apart. Widespread minor damage. Caused "serious damage" to Rockhampton, Bundaberg and, Caused considerable damage to the town of, Severe shaking, burst water tanks and cracked ground at Meeberrie homestead. The total was later calculated at 12,000 buildings in Newcastle and Lake Macquarie, with half of the CBD and 80 per cent of Beaumont Street and surrounds damaged. Since this time, the region has experienced five earthquakes of magnitude 5.0 or larger; the most recent being a magnitude ML 5.1 (MW 4.7) earthquake near Ellalong in August 1994. Home Topics Science & Environment Australias worst earthquakes. Access unlimited content, the digital versions of our print editions - Today's Paper, as well as the Newcastle Herald app. A study put the death toll from the magnitude 6.7 Northridge quake at 72, including heart attacks. The damage bill has been estimated at A$4 billion , including an insured loss of about $1 billion . Cranes began pushing in the walls of the RSL just four hours after the quake. Mr Douglass was assigned to two army engineers from Holsworthy to assess building damage, predominantly in Hunter and Tudor Streets. Several different magnitude scales can be used to determine the size of earthquakes. On Beaumont Street, parapets atop many of the terrace-style shops broke away, sending tonnes of bricks tumbling down onto awnings whose tie-rod anchors soon gave way under the weight, trapping and crushing people under the debris. Could granny flats be the answer to Australia's housing crisis? Coast Of . Felt in Swan Hill near VICNSW border, Minor damage including fallen chimneys and fallen shelve items. Northridge Earthquake: Aftermath. Northridge Earthquake: January 17, 1994. A significant portion of the transportation system around Los Angeles was shut down, as sections of major freeways (including the Santa Monica Freeway and the Golden State Freeway) collapsed and numerous bridges sustained heavy damage. The MMI observations were digitised from the Atlas of Isoseismal Maps of Australian Earthquakes, Damage from the 1989 Newcastle earthquake. Damage was reported over an area of 9000sq.km, with movement up to 800km away. Read more about the 1989 Newcastle earthquake. This article incorporates public domain material from the .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}USGS. January 17, 1994, at 4:31 AM this Northridge earthquake struck Los Angeles, California. The Newcastle Earthquake occurred on 28 December 1989 with a magnitude of 5.6M. Damage negligible in buildings of good design and construction; slight to moderate in well-built ordinary structures; considerable damage in poorly built or badly designed structures; some chimneys broken. Damage was widespread, as buildings, shopping centers, parking lots and portions of major freeways all collapsed. City of Newcastle planner Geoffrey Douglass, who is depicted in the exhibition, said his professional life took a major turn after the earthquake. We acknowledge Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as the First Australians and Traditional Custodians of the lands where we live, learn, and work. (Supplied: Luke David Kellett/Headjam) Damage cost $3.8million. No injuries were reported. There are 3,600 bibliographic records with abstracts available on the database. A disaster response researcher says the number of deaths and injuries from the 1989 Newcastle earthquake could be repeated in future events, if the city isn't better prepared. Felt in high-rise buildings as far away as. Knowing how the ground-shaking hazard varies across Australia allows higher hazard areas to be identified for the development of mitigation strategies so communities can be more resilient to earthquake events. Power disruptions. Its epicentre was in Reseda, a suburb located about 23 miles (37 km) west-northwest of downtown Los Angeles. Despite the utterly unprecedented scenes across the city in those first few hours after the quake, few if any reports of trouble emerged, with the army and police working quickly to set up road block barricades in Hamilton and across the roads running into the city, and around those buildings that had fallen or were likely to. The website also has M3+ earthquake counts by state from 2010 to 2015. km, with isolated reports of shaking felt up to 800 km from Newcastle, Damage to buildings and facilities occurred over a 9000 sq. "We went in Beaumont Street, saw the carnage, the collapsed lift well on the Greater Building Society and knew it was an earthquake," he said. 2 ). It is impossible to accurately predict exactly when and where an earthquake will occur, but the history of earthquake activity in a region can tell us a lot about its potential risk for future earthquakes. Seismometers measure the intensity and duration of ground shaking (i.e., The arrival times of these seismic waves detected at three or more seismometers, and the speed at which they travel, are used to determine the location of the earthquake, The size of an earthquake (or its magnitude) is related to the energy released when the fault ruptured. The Newcastle earthquake of Thursday, December 28, 1989, was the biggest tragedy in terms of impact, and its injury toll, at more than 160, was certainly the highest. An earthquake is the sudden release of energy and ground shaking resulting from rocks breaking and moving along a fault line under stress from plate tectonic forces. All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. Not an aftershock of the 8.3 event on October 4. Reports of houses abruptly shaking after an initial vibrating noise. This service may include material from Agence France-Presse (AFP), APTN, Reuters, AAP, CNN and the BBC World Service which is copyright and cannot be reproduced. Australia has experienced few big earthquakes, but some of them have caused great devastation. The quake was caused by the sudden rupture of a previously undocumented blind thrust fault. Most significantly, the state created the California Earthquake Authority, a publicly managed but privately funded organization offering basic residential earthquake insurance.
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