UPI, "Mexican security forces corrupt/abusive," 1/30/98, internet. AFP, "Ex-AeroMexico chief in Mexico after extradition from
Switzerland," 9/24/99, internet. Less than 200 miles are currently fenced, and
that fencing is literally full of holes. The Zapatista's (or EZLN - Zapatista National Liberation
Army), based in the southern state of Chiapas, are the only terrorist group of
consequence at present. Despite the public proclamations of mutual support and cooperation, the United
States seems generally prepared to continue its model of unilateral
interdiction. Only crap, Buela I read the story of Jaime Herrera-Nevares back in 2000, is this guy related to them? There is a third component that also must be in place. In early 1998, they combined forces with the strong
central Mexican group, the Sonora Cartel run by the Caro Quintero family of
Guadalajara, and formed a new organization they call, "The Federation"
(AFP, 2/16/98). It was shortly after the death of Arqui, that a regional jefe named Gerardo Soberanes Ortiz, alias El G1, began to rise within the ranks of los Cabreras. @February 14, 2012 5:12 PM Plasan Sand Cat trucks are not U.S. made so I don't think the USA gave it to them. Of all the towns in the municipality, it occupies the number #4 in terms of number of inhabitants. AFP, "Former police chief arrested on drug charges," 2/27/99,
internet. The Senator, El G1, and The Power Behind the Politicians. They only kill each other and an occasional
"deserving/corrupt" politician. In the fall of each year, the State Department provides the President with
a brief synopsis of drug producing and transit countries' drug fighting efforts. The family frequently smuggled heroin in their invention, As a result of
his death, the Juarez empire and its immense cocaine market was up for grabs,
and a war broke out to seize control. its "Heroin Highway," a drug trafficking network that stretched from Three American Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)
inspectors in the San Diego area have been convicted or brought to trial on
charges of conspiracy and taking bribes. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the International Conference
on Organized Crime: Myth, Power, Profit, October 1999, Lausanne, Switzerland. The proposed goals are certainly laudable,
and if achieved, would clearly have a dampening impact on the proliferation of
transnational organized crime activities in this world, but are perhaps little
more than the ravings of utopian visionaries. In
May of 1996, two United States Customs agents were charged with conspiracy for
their roles in a plan to bring 1.2 tons of cocaine into the United States. Mexico appeared to be poised to make a long-term run at
improving their economy. As a response to this changing market, the cartels will
need to both diversify, and get involved in other markets. Everyone had to do it" (AFP,
5/30/99). The Mexican military, however, has the military
force to move throughout the country with impunity thus rendering moot the need
to mask the odor. This criminal cell - they accuse - was led by Edgar Herrera Pardo, known as El Caimn, and operated mainly in Tijuana and Tecate. He further
indicated that prevention will become America's number one priority and that
expenditures on prevention programs would increase by 21 percent in l999
(Reuters, 3/19/98). Among other voices, United
States Senators Paul Coverdell and Dianne Feinstein want to see Mexico more
aggressively cracking down on drug barons and assisting in extraditing them to
America. There he fought to expand Sinaloa Cartels territory in Gomez Palacio, Lerdo, Torren, and places as far as Matamoros. They have survived changing markets and fluctuating
political climates. Climate. In response to the issue of
American corruption, he recently responded, "I ask myself how tons and tons
of drugs enter the United States without anyone noticing and how consumption
grows without anybody stopping it." Or don't you like it much? During the next five years, there are plans to fence the entire
2,000 Mexican/American border. Mexico also has another political institution in place that has historically
protected PRI leadership and concomitantly provided a healthy climate for
syndicates to grow and flourish. Carlos Hank Gonzalez and his two eldest sons, Carlos Hank Rhon and Jorge
Hank Rhon, have been the target of a American investigation since 1997. C. The State Department continues to obtain information and submits a more
complete report to the President, generally by sometime in February. Enjoy spending hours looking at satellite images to find your home or remembering places in a village? This is not a new market of course,
but the scope of this industry is expanding of late, and has the potential to
even surpass the drug trade in time. A new economic crisis lies in Mexico's very immediate future, however. on prior indictments in Miami, Florida. As far back as 1957, the Herrera organization ran a farm-to-the-arm heroin operation that cultivated opium poppy plants, processed and packaged heroin in Mexico, and transported it to Chicago. AFP, "Mexican Congress files suit to force Zedillo to disclose financial
deals," 9/9/99, internet. As a result, a relatively brisk
trade in narco-dollars has arisen in the U.S. Large amounts of cash are given to
American brokers who smurf the money into various American bank accounts. Organized transnational
crime possess a political as well as a socio-economic threat to Mexico, and to
the entire world. During Do you have a friend in Los Herrera and want to send them a gift through the postal service? The United States has also steadily increased its interdiction efforts,
particularly in the area of personnel deployment. UPI, "Zedillo: Mexican economy won't worsen," 2/5/99, internet. They are all snitches when it comes down to it .. Word is G1 was a pastor for a christian church by soriana in Dgo and he would force his men to go to church. Associated Press, "McCaffrey wants Mexico certification," 2/26/99,
internet. Cleansing the military of its drug trafficking culture will surely be a
profoundly difficult undertaking. Carrillo Fuentes continued to work on gaining even more power. William Rodriguez, son of Miguel,
was chosen to run the Cartel. Anxious to make the sale and
knowing that the money orders are legitimate (ie., the dealership will get its
money), the financial paper is accepted and the car is sold. from what I recall he wasn't a user and the people around him weren't allowed either. He had undergone plastic surgery
in the past, and was attempting to further alter his appearance to conceal his
identity from American government authorities. It's the latest Reuters, "Mexican says U.S. drug certification unacceptable,"
2/4/98, internet. But the fact remains that the Mexican economy needs the estimated $40 billion
plus that flows into the country from the drug trade. THE UNANSWERED QUESTIONS
Many questions remain unanswered regarding the future of the Mexican cartels,
and their role in the Meso-American organized crime scene. the Herrera organization imported 746 pounds of pure heroin into the United There are probably a dozen Mexican syndicates that are involved in the drug
trade. Early this morning an operation was launched to arrest a financial operator of the Cabrera Sarabia criminal group, part of the Sinaloa Cartel. Y lo qu les deca a las personas qu le exigan justicia por lo qu haca su protegido el g 1? With the satellite map of Los Herrera will I be able to look for my location? Before examining those new markets, however,
there is a need to review the current state of the Mexican political scene so as
to better understand the context in which the Mexican drug cartels now find
themselves. They
have historically demonstrated a remarkable ability to adapt, just as the
American syndicates demonstrated in the post-Prohibition era, and unfortunately
appear to have a bright future. It costs an average of
$25,000 to clean up a meth production lab site. Moore, Molly and John W. Anderson, "Diminished U.S. role below border
plays into traffickers' hands," Washington Post, 9/8/96, p. A1. AFP, "Torture and disappearance routine in Mexico, Australian court
told," 9/3/99, internet. Una tradicin del norte del pas. With significant effort, the coalition hammered out a
seven-point political platform, though many of those points have remained
vaguely defined. 7-8. (3) This was the strongest of the border-based cartels until his arrest. components are mostly legal. AFP, "Mexico City deploys 'swans' in bid to curb police
corruption," 8/4/99, internet. AFP, "Retired Mexican general charged with organizing drug
cartels," 1/23/98, internet. Headlines were articulated by government leaders, and "news"
stories towed the party line. This arrangement did not last long, and a number of meetings were held between
Mexican and Colombian cartel leaders in the early 1980s, shortly after the
connection was made. In 1998
this number skyrocketed to 145, and to 325 in 1999. The figures will surpass 400
for the year 2000 (AFP, 9/27/00). It has been an important factor in our economy,
unquestionably.'" They were responsible for constructing the long tunnel under
the Mexican/American border that was used for its then extensive drug trade. No claims of illegal contributions
made during the 2000 presidential campaign have been forthcoming as of yet. (14) Seeing a huge profit
margin as a result of the new immigration law, Mexican syndicates have been
moving into the people smuggling trade in a more systematic and organized
fashion, either taking over "coyote" operations or forcing them into a
business arrangement. STOPPING THEM
The Clinton administration formally classified the Mexican cartels as a major
target for federal law enforcement, (even though they have diverted resources to
Colombia of late), and focused significant efforts on "stopping them." You are welcome. On April 1, 1997, a new and much tougher
immigration law went into effect - that date has been called "Black
Tuesday" in Mexico (Reuters, 4/17/97), and it has had long repercussions
for many, many Mexican families. Amado Carrillo Fuentes (/ f u n t s /; December 17, 1956 - July 4, 1997) was a Mexican drug lord who seized control of the Jurez Cartel after assassinating his boss Rafael Aguilar Guajardo. They must have some serious underground tunnels / infrastructure below that Attorney General's office in Mexico City. While This place is situated in Santiago Papasquiaro, Durango, Mexico, its geographical coordinates are 25 10' 0" North, 105 31' 0" West and its original name (with diacritics) is Las Herreras. They supply America with
so-called "Mexican mud" (brown heroin), and have done so since at
least the mid-1940s. In
December of 1994, newly appointed federal police chief Juan Pablo de Tavia was
poisoned in his sleep. How will the Mexican cartels respond to such a scheme? Today, the PRI Central Executive Committee still controls the party and the
state. The formation of a common counter-drug strategy between Mexico and the United
States was a necessary and long awaited event. The current Mexican model of federal executive leadership is the outgrowth of
policies put in place by President Calles in response to two decades of extreme
unrest. Consider the following
statement made in 1997 by Thomas Constantine, then Director of the Drug
Enforcement Administration (DEA):
"These sophisticated drug syndicate groups from Mexico have eclipsed
organized crime groups from Colombia as the premier law enforcement threat
facing the United States." A number of other government officials have been investigated for their ties to El G1. The major economic problem is a bank bailout issue, the scope of which
dwarfs the country's financial capabilities. 34-36. Socio-economic issues of the day were ignored. Congress has yet to override any Presidential certification
decision. Only time will tell if this is indeed a shift in American public
policy, and perhaps more importantly, if this shift has the desired impact upon
the drug trade in particular and the cartels in general. Less
than 36 hours before the deadline, Mexican officials miraculously captured the
head of the Gulf Cartel, Oscar Malherve, and publicly burned a ton of equally as
miraculously recently captured cocaine. one time, Chicago area law enforcement agencies believed the Herreras The video further revealed that the army regiment was deployed in a
strategic military context to protect the clandestine airstrip (Frontline,
10/10/00). Reuters, "Mexicans migrate north to work, for decades," 4/17/97,
internet. G1 is also known to have told a large number of politicians that they owed him allegiance, and not to be stupid, always to remember that the position they held had been won thanks to him.. that "old man" makes some good shit.. ;). O'Day (2000) provides numerous case studies of Mexican military operating north
of the border. THE RISE OF THE MEXICAN DRUG CARTELS
The Mexican cartels originated in response to a demand for smuggling both people
and contraband into the United States in the 1920s and 1930s. AFP, "Mexican opposition unites to oust long-ruling party," 8/4/99,
internet. A NAFTA side agreement relative to criminal
justice matters has not been developed, and clearly needs to hammered out in the
near future. Five of those charged are alleged members of a Chicago-based cell of the Zetas Mexican drug cartel responsible for transporting millions of dollars in drug proceeds between Chicago and Mexico. Christian Science Monitor, "End of a Mexican institution? GLOBAL PRESS one that popped into my head. For the past 70 years, the country has been ruled by a quasi-elected President
who serves one, six-year term, and a two house legislative body. The primary function of the Central Committee is to prepare
nominations for all important "elected" government positions. President Zedillo himself has even admitted taking
money from Peniche, but the details are not clear (AFP, 5/30/99). The selection and backing of a single candidate was a crucial decision for the
coalition. Wonder if theyre with el chapo now or the zetas. POST SCRIPT
There has been, I would argue, five stages of sovereignty in the western world
over the past millennium. The plane had been re-directed to
Dallas because of bad weather. When
Fuentes passed away, the cartel probably had $25 billion in assets hidden away. The Cartel Jalisco will continue to purge the whole state of Zacatecas of the thieves from Durango and Sinaloa. More particularly, one party began to publicly accuse the other of being
corrupt. This discovery led to an investigation which
determined that between June 1993 and December 1994 some 170 tons of ephedrine
had been shipped to Mexico. Another recent high profile case of note involves former AeroMexico official
Gerardo de Prevoisin. Seeing an opportunity to
carve out a literal monopoly, the Mexican military got into the marijuana
transport business as the American demand for marijuana increased in the 1970s. 2. Meanwhile, the Mexican cartels, after a period of upheaval subsequent to
Fuentes' death, seem to have stabilized. Their impact is felt in
the United States as well, with many U.S. officials now calling them the premier
challenge facing U.S. law enforcement in the 21st century. The shear amount of money involved makes it
possible to undermine virtually all law enforcement efforts in such a poor
country. the polydrug trafficking Herrera and Zambrana families. An additional example of the game that is played - a few hours after the
United States announced that Mexico had been re-certified in 1997, Mexico
announced that Humberto Abrego, a major player in the Gulf Cartel who was in
custody in Mexico, walked out of the police headquarters and escaped somehow. In conjunction with the American law enforcement community, they are
turning both sides of the border region into a de-facto military zone, with all
the accompanying infringements and abuses spawned by such a demarcation. The article continued that the Mexican cartels have bought out the
government, the police and the military. The economy was growing. In response, Mexico as well as representatives from 26
other North and South American countries signed the Manaus Declaration in
October of 2000, pledging their mutual cooperation in an attempt to more
effectively combat "drug trafficking and transnational criminal
activities" (AFP, 10/19/00). A far more likely scenario is that the Hank
family may well have aligned themselves with The Federation, bringing a
significant amount of resources and connections to an already extremely powerful
entity. That amount could yield 136 tons of meth, and would
be enough to supply 12.4 million users with three, 10 milligram doses a day for
a year. In July 2016, Mayor Enrquez Herrera summoned a number of politicians and government officials from the PAN, PRI and Movimiento Ciudadano political parties to a work meeting at the aforementioned Hospital de Especialidades. Oscar Malherve emerged as the next leader of this cartel, and due to his Juarez
Cartel connections, seemed poised to move the Gulf Cartel back into a position
of prominence, but he was arrested in 1997 and remains behind bars as of this
writing. Grupo Beta has
come under intense criticism of late, however, particularly in July of 2000 when
three Beta officers who did not know how to swim were forced to simply watch as
two illegals drown in the Rio Grande. A heightened sense of professionalism must be developed in the law
enforcement community in the international community. Both were "conveniently" assassinated; one in March
and the other in September, and Zedillo was subsequently "elected"
President. A March 1997 New
York Times article detailed the Fuentes connection with governors of at
least two Mexican states - Morelos and Sonora (Reuters, 2/16/97). He is the one who buys and distributes everything" (Farah and Moore, 1997). The Mexican police airplane followed
the drug transport plane to an airstrip where it stopped to re-fuel. Adopting the role of benevolent autocrat, he saw Mexico through a period of
general economic growth, peace, and prosperity. Many attendees presumed that they were being introduced to one of the main financiers of his political campaigns., After the gracious introduction, El G1 took the floor and, in a threatening and arrogant manner, told those present not to be stupid and to remember that the positions they held -in one way or another- had been won thanks to him. Newsweek, June 26,
2000, pp. Remnants of this group are still functioning, but it is not anywhere
near as powerful today as it was seven years ago. His "escape" had actually taken place the day before, but was not
announced until several hours after re-certification was confirmed. The U.S. estimates that roughly
$5 billion a year is being "mailed" to Colombia. Toluco is a hot head not like his old man. Toluco did start a drug rehab center in DGO so he is doing something good that other narcos or his dad did not do. A third Amezcua brother, Luis, still faces drug-trafficking
charges in the U.S. On May 21, 1999 the extradition of Oscar Malherve to the
U.S. was also denied. He was then taken from the residence and put into a helicopter waiting outside, which flew him to the Durango airport. Associated Press, "Mexican political family is threat," 6/2/99,
internet. Only recently has
there been even a crack in PRI dominance. AFP, "Mexican foreign ministry denies minister linked to drug
traffickers," 2/6/98, internet. AFP, "Mexico's Fox calls for US-Canadian fund to close 'development
gap'," 8/19/00, internet. Jorge Hank Rhon, the younger of
the two sons, lives in the northern border town of Tijuana and is a close
associate of the Felix-Arellano brothers, the leaders of The Federation. The face of the typical immigrant has been changing over the last few years. Growers, of course, readily hire illegals,
noting the need to use cheap labor to compete in the marketplace. Are you going to send a letter to Los Herrera? All five were killed in the encounter. AFP, "More than 350 Mexicans died trying to enter US illegally in
2000." This group is headed by Carlos Hank Gonzalez who is best known for his
expansive and profitable transportation, construction, and financial empires in
Mexico. 3. For example,
cooperative ventures are now underway between the Juarez Police Department and
the El Paso Police Department to respond to the stolen vehicle trade between
these two cities. been hidden in the candy bars. En la comunidad de Los Herreras municipio de Sant. It appears as if he may have been tied with Raul Salinas and
Ruiz Massieu (former Deputy Attorney General) in facilitating the flow of drugs
and cash into and out of the country (AFP, 3/28/98). Time will proverbially tell if this
proposal is seriously considered by the American leadership. What is clear is
that the Mexican military are heavily involved in the transportation of
marijuana and that they will use force to protect their business. with the cartel of the Arellano Felix in 2001 for having used the the transfer The Clinton
Administration was initially in opposition to the bill, but now seem to be
working with Congressional leaders in an attempt to pass some type of anti-money
laundering measure of this nature (AFP, 9/27/99).
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