R. Blakeslee Gilpin, Historian:She's confronted with it in such an intimate way, and I think that never leaves her. Tony Horwitz, Author:Brown is almost a battering ram of a human being. "As I made my way to the stage," Douglass recalled, "I was shaking in every limb.". Carol Berkin, Historian:Of course, since they're women, to speak in front of a mixed -- or as they called it, promiscuous -- audience of men and women was absolutely forbidden. It was a tribute to fervent ideals, generosity, and love, to the bitterness and the passions that had moved men and women to bend the arc of history. Lois Brown, Historian:Garrison has to resolve this tension between clearly unapologetic armed resistance and strategy and maneuver, with pacifism and moral suasion. We will deal the Slave Power such a blow, it shall never recover. It's started! Here we have proof positive that there is an utter disregard for the compromises that have been made to found this American republic, to try to keep this thing running. At the beginning of October 1856, he left Kansas for the East to gather more money and weapons. Brown spends the same amount of time trying to convince Douglass to go to Harpers Ferry with him to be his right-hand man. Narrator:By the fall of 1835, anti-abolitionist violence was closing in on Boston. Narrator:The crisis convinced Garrison that he needed to redouble his efforts. He wanted immediate abolition -- the complete eradication of the institution, everywhere and forever. I came as fast as I could! an abolitionist; founded the newspaper, The Liberator. He can bear witness to the true nature of that institution. Can you not see that women could do, and would do, a hundred times more for the slave if she were not shackled? Each Google Slide/PowerPoint is a stand-alone lesson, now embedded with primary source documents that frame each lesson. And he starts to say, "The churches are pro-slavery -- we're coming out of all the churches. As soon as he arrived, Douglass set about producing his own paper, naming it after the most potent symbol of the Underground Railroad. Mrs. Grimk (Crystal Cupp):I've told you before, dear -- that's Henry's business. William Lloyd Garrison (Neal Huff, audio):When we first unfurled the banner ofThe Liberator, we did not anticipate that to protect Southern slavery the free states would voluntarily trample underfoot all law, order, and government. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks, audio):It so happened that I was speaking to a large audience in National Hall. Susannah McCarthy Elissa Meyers, C.S.A. He traveled around the Northeast, gathering a handful of allies among white reformers, but not enough to support his venture. Quizzes with auto-grading, and real-time student data. I was raised by my grandmother. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks, audio):"Tell your story, Frederick," would whisper my friend, William Lloyd Garrison, as we stepped upon the platform. I cant recollect of ever seeing her by the light of day. Neither did he have a home, or a family. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks, audio):Mr. Garrison has seen fit to invade my household, and has sought to blast me in the name of my family. Captain, it pains me more than you will know, to leave you. Franky Garrison (Jacob Washburn):Fort Sumter. Joan D. Hedrick, Historian:It was a terrible disease. Narrator:As the daughter of one of South Carolina's first families, Angelina Grimk lived in almost unimaginable luxury. My soul will be judged by the Lord, and not by you or anyone else. All the feds are now scouring the country for Frederick Douglass. For the first time in years, Douglass and Garrison appeared together in public, and Angelina Grimk reemerged after 20 years' absence to form a women's league. Some of them were deeply offended by his support of women's rights. Anna had sewn his sailor disguise, and sold her featherbed to give him the money he needed. John Seaborne Theodore Weld (Steve Annan):And I reject all authority, all government, save the influence which love gives us over each other. Jon Douglas Rainey It's also an example of how the institution of slavery not only degrades slaves, but it degrades the master. She was taken away after I was born, to work as a field hand 12 miles away. James Brewer Stewart, Historian:Garrison begins to suspect that every part of American society is infected by a deep moral disease. "Here you see your handiwork. Garrison's father, a seaman and a drunk, had abandoned the family when Garrison was two years old. Michael Marunde David Winston, Gaffers Slave Auctioneer (Brian Elder):Twenty-five. South Carolina Congressman Preston Brooks took offense. They seem now to be having had anticipated all of these things that are happening. William Lloyd Garrison (Neal Huff):This -- the Constitution of the United States of America -- is the source and parent of all the other atrocities: "a covenant with death, and an agreement with Hell." In Boston, William Lloyd Garrison wondered whether Brown was involved. The war was over. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):I was so nervous I could barely stand. Narrator:Covey never laid a hand on Douglass again. But, some made it. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):What do you mean, sir? Thank you. But for the remainder of the 1850s, William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass would not speak to each other. An answer key is included. I can assure you Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):And I can assure you that you'll be walking into a perfect steel trap R. Blakeslee Gilpin, Historian:He's talking about invading the South and occupying the South and taking over the South, sort of building this republic out, one mile at a time, and that republic is going to be a new country. Harriet Beecher Stowe (Kate Lyn Sheil):It was God's will that the slave mothers, whose tears nobody regarded, should have with them a great company of weepers, that the Free States, who refused to listen when they were told of starvation, cold, and barbarous cruelty perpetrated on the slave, should have starvation, cold, privation, and barbarous cruelty doing its work among their own sons. All rights reserved. Carol Berkin, Historian:Angelina attacked slavery not in the beginning because she cared about the slaves. There are 50 questions in all. Narrator:By 1840, after 10 years of struggle, William Lloyd Garrison was drifting away from many of his old allies, alienating them with what they considered irrelevant heresies. Angelina Grimk (Jeanine Serralles, audio):Can't you just stand here side-by-side with us? Stowe had hoped to become a writer, but now she was too busy raising six young children on very little money. Some of the most famous abolitionists were white Northerners who believed it was wrong to own another human being. Spencer Gentry The petitions, the campaigns, the rallies, the marches, the meetings and resolutions and fundraisers, the mobs, the beatings -- all of the sacrifices had been suddenly dealt away by a handful of men in Washington. As the arguments escalated, Angelina began linking the rights of enslaved people to the rights of women. In Charleston, copies were publicly burned, and the mayor warned her mother that if Angelina ever dared visit Charleston again she would be thrown in jail. Tony Horwitz, Author:He stands up without notes and gives one of the greatest speeches in American history. Dylan Frayser In 1835 an angry mob destroyed abolitionist . Neal Huff Albert Kaplan Collection New Castle Courthouse Museum, New Castle, DE It means that a Southerner can hunt down any black in free soil and say, "You're my slave." Mother. There are 21 questions in all. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):Sir, you have no idea -- the entire state of Virginia will rise up against you. You will receive a PDF file which contains a Video Response Worksheet and Key and a TPT Digital Activity for students (worksheet only). And in the spring of 1854 this wave of resistance came to a head, when the national battle over slavery suddenly focused on a solitary prisoner in Boston's city jail. It also includes options for color or black outline printing. In Cleveland, he spoke to three large rallies in a single day, standing for hours in a cold rain. I have no language to express the feelings of my heart. Nevertheless, Brown dominated the proceedings. Diana Mankowski, Set Coordinators Manisha Sinha, Historian:The Civil War moved Garrison farther and farther away from that abstract devotion to peace principles and pacifism that he had held through the years. Earlier on you were not putting your life into danger if you criticized slavery. Jim Mayfield, Second Assistant Camera Garrison insisted that abolitionists renounce their government, that they withdraw from citizenship and refuse to vote. She had a weapon that no other abolitionist could claim: a pedigree among the slaveholding aristocracy. Alexandra Hannibal, Stage Managers Rita Squitiere Incessant rains flooded the streets with sewage that spread the epidemic with terrifying speed. Many wondered whether the Union itself could survive. As he contemplated his future, Douglass could imagine himself traveling forever in the shadow of his white mentors, repeating his story to small gatherings of the curious and the converted. Dorry Marie Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks, audio):Aunt Hester went out one night, and happened to be absent when the master desired her presence. Julie Roy Jeffrey, Historian:Angelina's religious search was tortured, tortured, tortured. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):Good Lord, man. Most of them had come to hear William Lloyd Garrison. President Lincoln's education with and among the "white trash" of Kentucky was most unfortunate for his moral development, so that there seems to be nothing elevated and noble in his character. Photo Collection of the Old Court House Museum, Vicksburg, MS American Experience: The Abolitionists. And now you have this political fight going on over what's gonna happen with that land. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):But if we stoop to bloodshed, we are no better than they are. As soon as she joined him in New York, they were married in a safe house by a fellow runaway. For almost four decades, Garrison had dedicated his life to this moment. The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations There, everything cruel and revolting is carefully concealed from strangers. Narrator:When Douglass questioned Garrison's doctrines at a meeting of the Anti-Slavery Society, he was branded an enemy. Norman Outlaw Narrator:President Lincoln himself had suggested that Garrison come to Charleston. William Lloyd Garrison (Neal Huff, audio):The American Union was effected by a guilty compromise between the free and slave-holding states -- in other words, by incorporating the slave system into the government. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks, audio):Dear Friend Garrison: Slavery, our enemy, has landed in our very midst. John Stauffer, Historian:His British sympathizers sent Thomas Auld a note saying, "We have your slave. Joe Cacciotti John Stauffer, Historian:Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 virtually legitimates the kidnapping of free blacks. A key is included to check for accuracy and to provide to Special Education students for diffe, NO PREP HISTORY Crossword Worksheet Activity Bundle, Year-Long Curriculum American History Social Studies EXPERIENCING HISTORY, Experiencing History: Year-Long Curriculum, The Abolitionists - All 3 Episodes - Worksheets and Keys PDF & Digital Bundle, The Abolitionists American Experience - Viewing Guide Questions BUNDLE. John Stauffer, Historian:Suddenly abolitionists are looking prophetic. Mr. Green, you've heard Mr. Brown. Had to share the table with them, had to break bread with them, had to sleep in the same quarters with them. R. Blakeslee Gilpin, Historian:This guy's just led a raid to destroy slavery. It became dangerous once again to speak out against slavery. His reservations about Lincoln had vanished entirely. James Brewer Stewart, Historian:They had seen through their own religious culture the conversion of people from the condition of being a sinner to being sanctified. I never saw joy before. Paul Stober Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library & Museum van de Water residence, Petersburg, VA Narrator:With the outbreak of war, abolitionists faced a daunting new challenge: convincing the president and skeptical Northerners that the conflict was not about preserving the old Union, but ending slavery. They then proceeded a few blocks to Zion's Church, where a mass of humanity pressed into every available spot. A key is included to check for accuracy and to provide to Special Education students for differentia, This four-page, twenty-five question, download is intended to support Part One of, . They are absolutely engrossed within, stories of Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, John Brown, Angelina Grimke and Harriet Beecher Stowe. The invention of the cotton gin had led to a massive increase in cotton production, making slavery indispensable to both the South and the North. American Experience is a production of WGBH, which is solely responsible for its content. Although, curriculum is inquiry-based, lessons are full of engaging, participatory, hands-on learning experiences. In the face of personal risks beatings, imprisonment, even death abolitionists held fast to their cause, laying the civil rights groundwork for the future and raising weighty constitutional and moral questions that are with us still. Edward Covey (Jeffrey Wilhelm):Come on, boy. David W. Blight, Historian:So many abolitionists afterDred Scottsaid, "You see? Oscar Contreras There, he could carry on Garrison's campaign to isolate the South, by urging Britons to cut ties with American slaveholders. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):I think I will. Narrator:By 1835, two years after the formation of the American Anti-Slavery Society, there were over 300 chapters throughout the free states, with tens of thousands of members. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):I don't want them to remember me as throwing my life away for nothing. Angelina Grimk (Jeanine Serralles, audio):Your letter was indeed a great surprise, my brother, and yet it was no surprise at all. We've got 50 going once! Finally, near midnight, a messenger rushed onto the stage. For Garrison, it was yet more proof that the Republic itself had been corrupted at birth, its original sin implanted in a founding document written largely by slaveholders. Charles Williamson Beecher opposed slavery in principle, but distrusted activists who "recklessly" advocated immediate abolition. Kevin Mulligan Mary Brown (Denise Ellington):May I get you anything else, Mr. Douglass? Eleanor Drew Garrison was too wary of politics to get involved, but he did meet quietly with one of Lincoln's emissaries. Julia Griffiths' editorial skills and business savvy keptThe North Starafloat. Slavery marches right up into Massachusetts and now Northerners get to see the face of evil. Abolitionists bitterly opposed the war as an attempt to expand slave territory, but they were swept away by a national tide of patriotic enthusiasm. Denver Public Library, Western History Collection National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution / Art Resource, NY But then, suddenly, his life collapsed: a series of business disasters plunged him deep into debt. George Eastman House, International Museum of Photography and Film Lynn BandoriaRosetta Douglass Joseph Christofori Laina Kaffenberger They've already been committing it, and now it's let loose the dogs of war. Frita Walker Narrator:Frederick Douglass was alone in a terrifying new world. It just took it out of its shell. Michelle Muller It's a free soil party committed to the non-extension of slavery. Kacy GabbertJohn Browns Daughter They proposed printing 20 to 50,000 pamphlets a week, and mailing them to ministers, elected officials, and newspaper editors in each state, especially in the South. Post Production Sound Services Post Production Video Services And so the original intention of the abolitionists was to tell the slaveholders to repent and that they would. Kurt Gran There, Lyman Beecher, one of the country's most famous preachers, had recently moved his family. Benjamin Lundy. Bringing to life the intertwined stories of Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, Angelina Grimke, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and John Brown, the Abolitionists takes place during some of the most violent and contentious decades in American history. A meal like this is a rare pleasure these days. Victoria Maryak Dilks Tony Horwitz, Author:Pottawatomie scares, but also enrages, pro-slavery forces who don't need much incitement to violence. Coll Anderson M.P.S.E. TheNew York Globeurged that, "No public building, not even the streets, must be desecrated by such a gathering of traitors." Collection of The Historical Society of Pennsylvania Harriet Beecher Stowe (Kate Lyn Sheil, audio):Yesterday, I went downtown and found all gloomy and discouraged. Manisha Sinha, Historian:This is when the South sort of closes itself completely on the issue of slavery. Scott CarterOverseer When he left London to return home in the spring of 1847, 1,400 people came to see him off. Grimk set about writingAn Appeal to the Women of the South, urging them to work for the downfall of slavery. There are 13 LESSONS and a total of 29 FILES in, Immigrants & Reformers Unit: Lessons, Readings, Breakouts & Tests /Middle School, History is a complete social studies curriculum designed for middle school students of Early, History & Social Studies. "You will receive a PDF file which contains a Video Response Worksheet and Key and a TPT Digital Activity for students (worksheet only).Video Response Worksheets will turn your history lesson into a rich educational. But if we succeed, our glory as a nation will be complete, our peace will flow like a river, and our foundations will be the everlasting rocks. Peter Marziale The Abolitionists - All 3 Episodes - Worksheets and Keys PDF & Digital Bundle, ALL 3 EPISODES - Video Response Worksheets & Keys - MULTI-EPISODE BUNDLE 33% OFF, PBS - The Abolitionists - Episode 1 - Video Response Worksheet & Key (Editable), PBS - The Abolitionists - Episode 2 - Video Response Worksheet & Key (Editable), PBS - The Abolitionists - Episode 3 - Video Response Worksheet & Key (Editable). But he was out of their reach. Cynthia Snyder Douglass struck back, accusing Garrison of racism. Sound, Inc. Post Production Assistant Radicals. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):I did. Narrator:Then, on the 22nd of September, 1862, the newspapers brought astonishing news: Lincoln was promising to sign an Emancipation Proclamation on New Year's Day. John Brown (T. Ryder Smith):Our time has come Narrator:Brown was secretly encamped at a nearby farmhouse with 22 recruits. Lois Brown, Historian:He uses his time in African American communities and churches, in meetings, to think very deliberately about how to organize his own abolitionist campaign. It is not light that is needed, but fire; it is not the gentle shower, but thunder. Special Collections, Lavery Library, St. John Fisher College, Rochester, NY It would be a ceremony unlike any other. He was determined to be better than what white, said he was. American Experience: The Abolitionists Part 1 1820's-1838 Created by Liza Abbott This resource contains 56 questions with a key pertaining to the 53 minute film on Amazon. The Republican didn't want Garrison's endorsement -- in fact, any connection to the controversial printer would be political poison. And then in great big letters, three times the size of the rest of the letter, he writes, "I have loved you from the first moment I met you." Shattered glass cascaded to the floor. Garrison was making powerful enemies. Narrator:By the fall of 1830, William Lloyd Garrison was back in Boston, doggedly pursuing his dream of an abolitionist newspaper. The two men -- one a former slave, the other an impoverished printer -- are among the greatest civil rights activists in American history. The Trustees of the Boston Public Library / Rare Books & Prints Hearse drivers have scarce been allowed to unharness their horses. Liberators. And then they begin to see the rocks hitting the windows. Narrator:Over the next two years, Garrison gradually won adherents to the anti-slavery cause. We strive to make each one a learning, days and events of February covered in this pack are:Fo, This unit sheds light on six relatively unknown Black, in pre-Civil War America. Mr. Frederick Douglass. I am glad -- I suppose -- that you are so diligent about your faith. Finally, John Brown stood up and raised his right hand. Gordon Whiteway, Casting Associates Still, Garrison was wary: Lincoln seemed to be hedging. Although fighting for a common cause, abolitionists Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd Garrison suffered a major falling out. Aaron Nee Raymond (Jake) Henry Shawn Jones Narrator:William Lloyd Garrison attended a performance of the play in New York, and marveled at the response of toughs in the front rows. Narrator:Over the course of a few months, Douglass traveled three and a half thousand miles. Rochester Public Library / Democrat and Chronicle James Brewer Stewart, Historian:And Garrison can sense that this is a way to really make the abolitionist cause incarnate. Major Bland III They're going to be murdered. Such conduct grieves me to the heart. She kept the children close to home, and maintained a cheerful disposition. The abolitionist movement typically refers to the organized uprising against slavery that grew in the 30 years prior to the United States Civil War. Chris Stewart From here, we can strike a blow against the slave masters. In regard to his project for establishing a paper, he never spoke a word to me on the subject, nor asked my advice in any particular whatsoever. Simply, sir, we welcome and look upon you as our savior.". What if that mob should burst in upon us and commit violence on our persons? William Lloyd Garrison came, as did Angelina and Sarah Grimk. Melissa Panos The names were already seared in the nation's consciousness: Bull Run, Shiloh, Malvern Hill. Paris Jones They couldn't see that already they had shifted history. Narrator:Garrison's publication of the letter horrified Angelina's friends and even her sister Sarah. Sherms Catering, Set Security Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks, audio):With an earnest, aching heart, I have long looked for the realization of the hope of my people. Carol Berkin, Historian:She was really concerned about the fate of their white masters. Narrator:At dawn the Marines stormed the engine house, capturing Brown and his surviving men. Thomas ColemanShields Green Narrator:Frederick Douglass's faith in America had endured through 20 years of slavery, and 20 years of fruitless struggle. They will never respect themselves otherwise, nor will they be respected. We'll tar the nigger-loving son of a bitch. Nine o'clock became 10, and then 11, and still there was no word. I will defend you with my life. Cheryl Stark The Amstel House, New Castle, DE Twenty years of struggle had yielded not emancipation but a million more slaves, and a political agreement to preserve the institution in the United States forever. J.R. Gettier & Associates, Stills Animation Gathia Gillespie John Brown put little stock inabolition through peaceful means. Special Collections, Fine Arts Library, Harvard University Crosswords make a great introduction to a lesson, but they could also, - this product should be used in conjunction with ", 1800's Graphic Organizer" found in my store. Manisha Sinha, Historian:Douglass recognizes the Republican Party for what it is. Rebecca Rachael Frye Michael Lair So why not the society too? Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):You flatter me. Image source: Art Resource, NY John Brown (T. Ryder Smith):The pleasure is ours, Mr. Douglass. A mammoth undertaking, it was an irrefutable answer to the argument that slavery was a necessary and benevolent institution. The meeting was held in Pennsylvania Hall, which had been constructed as a haven for free speech. Stowe later wrote that there were circumstances of such great bitterness about the manner of his death that she didn't think she could ever be reconciled for it unless his death allowed her to do the some great good to others. But then, suddenly, his life collapsed: a series of business disasters plunged him deep into debt. The war! Narrator:In November of 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected president without carrying a single slaveholding state. William Lloyd Garrison (Neal Huff):What a horrible, horrible crime. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):You know God's thinking? John Stauffer, Historian:For Douglass, what better symbol of democracy and of racial equality is there in the United States is if the federal government arms and gives uniforms to black soldiers and tells them to kill white men. McCue Butler Fugitives starving, freezing to death, being torn apart by wild animals. Angelina Grimk (Jeanine Serralles):Really? Nicholas Andrews Shaun WoodlandWilliam Nell He mortgaged his house to pay his debts and looked about to give up when a friend arrived from Britain to help. Second Assailant (Actor):Oh, we've got him! He trains them, teaches them, and sends them off to give talks. Anthony Burns had fled Virginia and slavery by stowing away on a ship bound for the North. Russell Scott, Jr. Narrator:For William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass, it was the last straw. Garrison, Douglass, and their kindred spirits protested in vain as Northern and Southern whites conspired to keep the emancipated slaves in a condition almost indistinguishable from slavery. The slaughter of the first two years of war was but a prelude. Artee Fabrics Harriet Beecher Stowe Center, Hartford, CT John Brown (T. Ryder Smith):It takes one spark to light a fire. When the House passed a gag rule forbidding their consideration, it added to Northern suspicions that the government was operating for the benefit of slaveholders. He moved not with the tide, but against it. Fern Gnesin Pamela Peitzman It reveals how the movement shaped history by exposing the fatal flaw of a republic founded on liberty for some and bondage for others, setting the nation on a collision course. Massachusetts Historical Society Women did not strike out, white women did not strike out on their own in this way, and Southern white women certainly did not. Instead of Christ on the cross, she saw an image of a slave being whipped and she wrote the ending ofUncle Tom's Cabin, when Uncle Tom dies. Rather, she came to understand the pain of mothers she would never know. Just a few weeks earlier, the president of the United States had sent a massive detachment of federal troops to Boston, all to return a lone runaway slave to captivity.
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